PFAS stands for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and are colloquially known as “forever chemicals.” They are a group of man-made chemicals that have been widely used in various industrial and consumer products since the 1940s. PFAS are known for their strong chemical bonds, which make them resistant to heat, water, and oil. This property has made them popular for use in a wide range of applications, including firefighting foams, non-stick cookware (such as Teflon), waterproof fabrics, food packaging, and many other household and industrial products. 

Are PFAS dangerous?

PFAS chemicals have raised concerns due to their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. While the exact risks and health impacts may vary depending on the specific PFAS compound and the level and duration of exposure, several studies have suggested potential negative effects. Some of the potential health risks associated with PFAS exposure include: liver damage, immune system effects, hormonal disruption, and increased risk of certain cancers. 

It’s worth noting that the levels of PFAS exposure in the general population are typically lower than those observed in occupational settings or highly contaminated areas. However, PFAS can persist in the environment for long periods, and bioaccumulation through the food chain can lead to higher exposure in certain individuals or communities.

Are PFAS chemicals and microplastics the same thing?

No, they are not. PFAS are chemicals used in specific applications and can be intentionally released into the environment through manufacturing processes or product use. Microplastics, on the other hand, result from the fragmentation or degradation of larger plastic items over time.

How do I avoid PFAS chemicals?

Avoiding PFAS chemicals entirely can be challenging. Many household items contain varying amounts of PFAS. However, here are some steps you can take to reduce your exposure to PFAS:

• Look for labels that specifically state “PFAS-free” or “PFOA-free” when purchasing cookware, clothing, carpets, and other products that may contain PFAS. However, keep in mind that not all PFAS compounds may be listed on labels, so it’s essential to consider other factors as well.
• Opt for non-stick cookware that is made with ceramic, stainless steel, cast iron, or other PFAS-free materials. Select natural fiber-based textiles, such as cotton or wool, instead of those treated with stain or water repellents containing PFAS.
• Be cautious of products labeled as stain-resistant, water-resistant, or waterproof, as they may contain PFAS. Consider choosing products without such treatments or search for PFAS-free alternatives.
• Disposable food containers, wrappers, and pizza boxes from fast food restaurants or takeout establishments may contain PFAS. Whenever possible, opt for homemade meals or dine in at restaurants that do not use PFAS-containing materials.
• Check the ingredient lists of cosmetics, lotions, and other personal care items. Avoid products that contain ingredients like “perfluoro” or “polyfluoro,” as they may indicate the presence of PFAS. Choose products with natural and simple ingredient lists.

While these steps can help reduce exposure, completely eliminating PFAS from your environment may not be possible. If you suspect high levels of PFAS contamination in your area, consider reaching out to local authorities or environmental organizations for guidance and information.